Characterization and Antioxidant Activities of Iron Nanoparticles Synthesized from Borreria verticillata

Abstract

This study explores the green synthesis of iron nanoparticles (NP) using Borreria 
verticillata ethanol extract and evaluates their antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. 
The FTIR analysis of the plant extract revealed the presence of various functional 
groups, including aromatic compounds, alcohols, esters, amines, and aliphatic 
compounds, confirming its rich phytochemical composition. The synthesized 
nanoparticles exhibited improved biological activities compared to the crude extract. 
The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract were (47.81±1.71) mg GAE/g 
and (32.15±1.32) mg QE/g, respectively, while their nanoparticle counterparts showed 
higher values of (49.91±1.53) mg GAE/g and (34.45±0.37) mg QE/g. Carotenoid 
content was moderately low in both, with the extract having (4.54±0.21) mg and the 
nanoparticle (2.30±0.18) mg. The findings indicate that Borreria verticillata-derived 
iron nanoparticles exhibit enhanced antioxidant and antidiabetic properties, 
highlighting their potential as a natural therapeutic agent for managing oxidative stress 
and diabetes.