Phytochemistry and Biological Activities Study of the Leaf Extractsof Senna occidentalis

Abstract

The biological activity of S. occidentalis leaf extracts was investigated. The maximum inhibition for the
DPPH inhibition assay of S. occidentalis was recorded at 10 ug/ml, where the scavenging activities of
the control drug (Ascorbic acid) were found to be better than that of the plant extracts at all dosages
except for 20 ug/ml and 50 ug/ml, where S. occidentalis showed better activity than the control. The
ABTS inhibition assay result showed that the activity of the extract and the control is dose-dependent.
The activities decrease with an increase in the dosage. The best activity was recorded at the lowest
dosage, i.e., 10 ug/ml, where the plant extract inhibition activity was (6.474) at the same dosage against
(27.394) of the positive control. Polyphenolic extracts of S. occidentalis leaves have demonstrated high
antioxidative activities and very promising anti-diabetic activities in vitro. The antioxidant and
antidiabetic inhibition properties of the polyphenolic-rich extracts were also studied in this study, and it
revealed that the plant extract showed better activities than the conventional antidiabetic drug acarbose.
The leaves' extract of polyphenolic-rich extract had a significant amount of compounds, according to
the LC-MS-based analysis. A total of six (6) compounds belonging to different phenolic families,
namely, hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavones, and other compounds of vast
biological importance, were identified based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). Compounds identified
include dihydro quercetin, 3-feruloylquinic acid, sinapic acid, rhamnoside, malic acid, quaillaic acid, 3-
O-methyl gallic acid, and N-Acetyl-6-O-L-fucosyl-D-glucosamine